"Children are made readers on the laps of their parents." ― Emilie Buchwald

A toddler that has just turned two may take a while before he or she can recognize the alphabet, although many are able to recite them. Identifying the alphabets wherever you come across them, such as in books, newspapers, food cartons, etc., will help make the concept more familiar. Let's take a look at some activities of how you can help your toddler learn the alphabet, and at the same time keep him occupied. While you get texture books at the book store, how about making one of your own. Create an alphabet texture book. Use different materials like cotton balls, felt, wool, etc., to make large-sized alphabets, then stick them on the pages of a book. This will not only allow your toddler to touch and feel various textures, but will also encourage him to feel the pattern of the alphabet. Gradually, as your toddler flips the pages of the book, he will begin to recognize different alphabets. He will learn how each alphabet has a particular pattern. You can also paste pictures of words beginning with A and other alphabets respectively, so as to help your child connect the alphabet with actual objects. You can have large cut-outs of the alphabet pasted onto blank squares of construction paper. Have another set of cut-outs (the same size as that of the previous set) made and hand them to your toddler. Help your toddler place the A cut-out on top of the paper with A. This may take time for your toddler to perfect, but eventually you will find that your toddler has picked up certain alphabets over others, identifies them, and is able to match them. You can also use foam alphabet cut-outs for this activity.

It's not about teaching 1-9, but it's about introducing the concept of numbers. Never use a single activity to introduce numbers (or any concept), because that's when numbers become boring. If you look around we're surrounded by numbers. When you get into the elevator, point out to the numbers. Count the birds by your window sill or count the cookies before giving it to him. When you narrate a story, include numbers like two monkeys, three apples, etc. Count fingers or even buttons on the shirt. Take large sheets of construction paper and cut out large squares sufficient enough to hold your two feet. Paste a cut-out of the number one on the square. Prepare two of these, one for you and one for your toddler. Make similar number squares till the number 9. Then play the stepping game. Arrange the numbered squares in a line across the room. Tape the sheets to the floor so they remain in place. Step on your #1 square and ask your toddler to do the same, then jump to the next number. Your toddler may seem hesitant initially, but will eventually love the game. Moreover, he will soon be introduced to basic numbers. Toddlers love to work with glue, so how about using a gluing activity to teach numbers. Get a few magazines and cut out different objects that will attract your child. For this activity you also need a blank book and a marker. Write the number in large font on one page and stick one item on the other page. Stick two items on the next page, corresponding to two. You could also stick shapes like three circles to teach shapes with the same book. Have your toddler apply glue and paste the picture in the book. Your toddler will enjoy the book he helped bring together.

Just like numbers, colors are all around us, so keep pointing out to colors across the room. While teaching colors it's important to go one step at a time. Introduce one color at a time, and allow an interval of a couple of days between different colors. This will allow your toddler to comprehend, and will also allow him to retain better. Gather together items of a particular color and place them in a tray. Choose items that your child is familiar with, so that he knows you're talking about the color that is common to all items. For example, get his red car, red crayon, red shirt, red block, etc. You can also include tomatoes, strawberries, roses, etc. Don't go out of the way to get these items. Just look around the house and get hold of items that your child plays with on and off. Once you show him the color tray, pick an item and say 'Red Car', and similarly with the other items. Allow him to play with the items and don't push him to learn. A child may or may not be interested in the color at the moment, but as you introduce the trays over the next few weeks, the child will begin to associate colors. To supplement your activity, every time you pass a toy, just name the color. This will help build the necessary link. Gather old Pringles cans and wrap them with different colors of paper. Write the names of their respective colors in bold. Although your toddler cannot read, he's actually getting exposed to more of the alphabet. Place the wrapped cans besides each other. Place a tray of colored blocks and ask your toddler to drop the block into its respective can. This will take a while for your toddler to master, however, it's an activity that will reap fruit. Just be patient, and don't fret when he messes up the colors or even looks baffled the first time you introduce this activity. Eventually, your toddler will learn to differentiate the colors. Instead of blocks you can use colored pom-poms, tiny balls, etc. You can even add food coloring to spaghetti or pasta and ask your child to sort them into respective colored bowls.

Story time is an important part of child development, because it stimulates the child's creativity. It also keeps them occupied and intrigued for longer. While reading out stories from books is an all-time favorite bedtime activity, you can make it a day time activity by incorporating simple activities into it. Build a story around your toddler's favorite animals. Create conversations between the animals, give them make-belief food, and even put them to sleep. Toddlers are fascinated with animals, and when we give them character and dialogs, there's nothing like it. Bring out the toy cars, trucks, and wagons, and give the animals a ride. Usually, your toddler will tell you which animals he or she wants in the story, and will often provide the necessary direction. Just play along. From this story time, a toddler learns the names of animals, learns to connect, learns to be creative, imaginative, etc. Take a few vegetables and fruits and draw eyes, nose, and mouth for each of them. If possible give them some kind of clothing using old pair of socks, etc. Create a story of your own by imagining what Mr. Cucumber said to Mrs. Cabbage, and how baby turnip was rescued by strong and masculine pumpkin man. This activity not only teaches kids about different vegetables, but also enhances their creativity.

Again, we're surrounded by all kinds of shapes. In fact, every tactile object has a shape, so keep showing them to your kids. Pointing out to circular plates, square boxes, rectangular books, triangular pizza slices, etc., are wonderful ways to introduce shapes. However, simple activities will make the concept easier to comprehend. Get out those cookie cutters and cut out different shapes from slices of bread. Your toddler will love watching you cut out a circle, square, etc. Eventually, your kid will have a shape he likes and will ask you for that particular shape. Apply peanut butter or any other topping and serve it while proclaiming the shape. You can also use pancake batter to prepare different shapes of pancakes using cookie cutters as molds. You can either buy play dough or prepare your own at home. Play dough is colorful and malleable, which is why they are loved by kids. You can use play dough tools to cut out the shapes. Your toddler will enjoy making the shapes on his own. While you are at it, you can also teach colors. Give the shapes eyes and nose to make them more fun and appealing. You can also make shapes of different sizes and teach the concept of size.

Toddlers have an innate desire to cook, especially because they see you spending such a lot of time doing it. While most of our toddlers have managed to mash their fingers into a banana or smear peanut butter and jelly all over themselves, there are some other activities that will not only introduce them to other foods, but will also keep them occupied. Toddlers love to tear stuff, so how about giving them some lettuce or cabbage leaves to rip apart. In the process if they put some in their mouth, there's no worry. Toddlers also love to dip them fingers in water, so you could provide a bowl of water in which they can wash their lettuce before they tear them. This will keep them occupied for longer. Toddlers love to pour and transfer (more like they love to spill!). Fill a few transparent beakers (non-breakable) with different liquids like one with orange glucose powder, another with watermelon juice, another with carrot juice, etc., and give them to your toddler. Hand him measuring cups (the ones used for baking), some spoons, a large bowl, and a few glasses. Let him play as he pleases. Name the different colors and allow him to have a ball just pouring and mixing the liquids.