different stages in the process of meiosis
Different Stages in the Process of Meiosis
Meiosis is a cell division process that occurs in two stages, resulting in the formation of four haploid gametes. The two stages of meiosis are meiosis I and meiosis II. Each stage is further divided into another four phases, details of which we will discuss in this article.
- During prophase I, the homologous chromosomes begin to condense and come towards each other by a process called synapsis.
- After synapsis, crossing over takes place.
- Crossing over is the exchange of equivalent sections of chromatids between the homologous chromosomes.
- The chromosomes begin to thicken and move away from the nuclear envelope.
- In metaphase I, the tetrads get aligned at the center of the cell, at the equatorial plane.
- The centromeres, a region in the chromosome where the chromatids are held together are located at the opposite poles.
- The homologous chromosomes separate during this stage.
- The chromosomes migrate to the opposite poles of the cell.
- The sister chromatids remain together at this stage.
- The chromosomes continue to migrate towards the poles.
- Both the poles have haploid number of chromosomes.
- Condensation of the chromosomes and cytokinesis (division into two cells) takes place.
- A nuclear envelope starts forming.
- Two daughter cells with a haploid chromosome number are formed.
- The nuclei and nuclear membrane are separated.
- The chromosomes start moving towards the equatorial plane.
- The chromosomes still have the chromatids attached by the centromere.
- The chromosomes are aligned at the equatorial plane prior to separation.
- The centromeres are oriented towards the opposite poles.
- The sister chromatids held at the centromere are separated by the spindle fibers.
- Chromatid pairs begin to move towards the poles.
- Four nuclei (two each in a daughter cell) are formed by the process of cytokinesis.
- Each of the four nuclei develops a nuclear envelope.
- Four daughter cells or gametes are formed.
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