The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) defines depression as a pathological state of extreme dejection or melancholy, often with physical symptoms. Fast-paced life and pressure to perform well are some of the contributing factors. Biological, social and psychological factors also play a major role in causing depression. Women are more prone to this condition than men. Those who have a family history of mood disorders are susceptible. Loss of a parent at an early age, being subject to physical or sexual abuse as a child, lack of support, ongoing social/psychological stress, etc., could be the contributing factors. Clinical Depression Affected women exhibit persistent symptoms for weeks or longer. The symptoms include:

• Lack of interest in most activities
• Persistent mood swings and feelings of guilt.
• Persistent feelings of sadness for no apparent reason
• Feelings of worthlessness
• Inability to take decisions
• Disruption in sleeping patterns
• Eating disorders leading to either weight gain or weight loss
• Loss in concentration levels
• Some even experience suicidal thoughts or show suicidal behavior

Symptoms in Women Affected by Bipolar Disorder Bipolar disorder is characterized by mood swings, alternating between clinical depression to manic episodes to periods when the affected person is extremely happy. They might show classic signs that include:

• Lack of interest in activities that the person once enjoyed
• Insomnia or oversleeping
• Hopelessness
• Empty moods
• Restlessness and irritability
• Difficulty in concentrating or remembering things
• Persistent feelings of sadness, helplessness, guilt, and worthlessness
• Fatigue
• Weight loss/weight gain

On the other hand, the affected person might exhibit different symptoms during the manic episodes. These include:

• High energy levels
• Talking too loudly or too fast
• Inappropriate behavior
• Risk-taking behavior
• Increased sexual desire
• Euphoric feelings
• High self-esteem
• Poor judgment
• Inability to sleep

Psychotic Depression Women who are affected are likely to exhibit extreme behavior. They may get angry without provocation and can become violent at times. The symptoms include:

• Psychosis (delusions and hallucinations)
• Agitation and anxiety
• Insomnia
• Diminished intellectual capacity
• Constipation
• Hypochondria

Even young girls can suffer from depression. Unfortunately, parents might not sometimes understand the signs of this mood disorder in teenaged girls. At times, professional help is not sought on time due to the stigma associated with going to a psychiatrist. It is advisable to seek professional medical help immediately. Drug therapy and counseling can certainly prove beneficial for people affected by this pervasive mood disorder. Disclaimer: The information provided in this article is solely for educating the reader. It is not intended to be a substitute for the advice of a medical expert.